Classical COnditioning Essay -- essays research papers fc

Ivan Pavlov and Classical learn1904 Nobel Prize Winner, Ivan Pavlov was innate(p) in Ryazan, Russia on September 14, 1849. Pavlov is best known for his intricate whole kit with the drooling dog experiment that lead to his further research in conditioning. This experiment, which began in 1889, had an influence on the development of physiologically oriented behaviorist theories of psychological science in the early years of the nineteenth century. His figure out on the physiology of the digestive glands won him the 1904 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine.CONTRIBUTIONSPavlovs first independent work focused on the physiology of the circulation of the blood (Girogian, 1974). He studied the influence of variations in blood volume on blood pressure. He also investigated the vile control of the heart, and argued that four types of nerves control rhythm and strength of cardiac contractions. It was during this first independent ponder that Pavlov used unanesthetized, neurologically in tact dogs (Girogian, 1974). This method became the spine of Pavlovs methodology. Pavlovs second independent work centered primarily around digestion. He started studying digestion as early as 1879, and it was his study focus from 1890 to 1897 (Girogian, 1974). His work was an accumulation of observations on the nervous control of unmatchable organ organisation through the method of chronic experiment (Girogian, 1974). The study of digestion involved developing "fistulas" through which secretions from salivary glands, stomach, the pancreas, and small intestine could be collected (Girogian, 1974). His technique was truly unique in that he did not cut the nerve supply nor contaminate the secretions with food. The most famous and well-known(a) experiment of Pavlov is that he conditioned dogs to start a salivary rejoinder to the sound recording of a bell. He began by measuring the amount of salivation in response to except food. As the experiments continued, he rang a bel l as he presented the food (Girogian, 1974). Again, he noted a salivary response. Finally, by only ringing the bell, Pavlov observed the same response as having presented food to the dogs . . . salivation (Girogian, 1974). These experiments delineate what has been a "conditioned response". CLASSICAL CONDITIONING     Classical Conditioning is the type of learning made famous by Pavlovs experiments ... ... a Nobel laureate for his research in a different field (Fredholm, 1999). In 1904, he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his pioneering studies of how the digestive system works. Until Pavlov started to scrutinize this field, our knowledge of how food was digested in the stomach, and what mechanisms were responsible for regulating this, were rather foggy. In order to understand the process, Pavlov developed a new charge of monitoring what was happening. He surgically made fistulas in animals stomachs, which enabled him to study the organs and take samples of body fluids from them while they continued to function normally (Fredholm, 1999). deeds CITED"Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich," Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2001http//encarta.msn.com 1997-2000 Microsoft Corporation.Mischel W. (1993). Behavioral conceptions. In W. Mischel, Introduction to Personality, 295-316. New York Harcourt Brace.Girogian, NA Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich. In The Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Charles Schribners Sons, New York, Vol 10, pp. 431-6, 1974. Fredholm, Lotta. Ivan Pavlov. Science Journal. May 15, 1999.